Basic Research is a Research conducted to improve scientific research and scientific theories undertaken to improve understanding or better prediction and is also known as Fundamental or Pure Research. On the other hand, applied Research makes use of scientific theories to develop new techniques or technologies so that they can intervene and change natural phenomena.
What is Basic Research?
Explanation :
It was seen that Basic Research is required for every field to progress. Only with Research can the scientific community search for and invent new and unique stuff. It is with the help of Research that industries come up with new products and it is because of Research that companies are able to understand their customers ‘ needs and get feedback on their products.
Basic Research is essential to advance knowledge of many things as it focuses entirely on the creation and acceptance or rejection of theories that explain different phenomena. Nearly every scientific idea comes from either imagination or Research. This may be descriptive, exploratory, or illustrative. As much as all types of Research are used everywhere, the most commonly used Research is the illustrative model.
Basic Research is the source of new concepts, hypotheses, values, etc. that might not be immediately used. Nonetheless, they form the basis for progress and for the development of different fields. Nearly all of the goods that exist today are produced by Science, which we take for granted.
For instance, 50 years ago, no one would have thought we were carrying a small, portable device that could make a call anywhere in the world, anyone would see anyone in the world, and do so many things that a computer could do – a mobile phone. Yet the mobile phone could be made more compact, added with more functions, and user-friendlier. This was only possible owing to Studies.
Basic Research does little to help people with small daily concerns; instead, it helps in new ways of thinking that may have the potential to change as well as enhancing the way Researchers deal with their problems, and mostly in the future.
Basic Research is also conducted with practical ends in mind. It helps to understand knowledge in general and provides answers to many crucial and possible problems, yet it may not respond to every question. For example, many scientists are not interested in practical applications of their work, but still, if Basic Research is not done there would be no progress in industrial development.
Many of the discoveries that were important were a fluke and occurred by accident. We have been done in the mind of many different things and still they have been useful to society. Coca-cola was discovered as cough syrup, for example, and it was marketed as cough syrup.
It was later marketed as a cold drink, considering people’s likings and with the help of Research improving the ingredients a little. Minoxidil was a medication used for hypertension but it came with a major side effect of hair growth. Hence, the drug was toned down due to its hypertensive properties with the aid of Research and is now used widely as a hair growth medication.
Basic Research contributes to the discovery of new knowledge and provides science capital. This provides the context on which to build from and execute the practical implementation of the Research.
It’s unusual to submit Fundamental Work immediately. It’s like searching for oil in the ground where you’ve got to drill a lot of holes and just one of them has oil. Basic Research is a little bit close. From a different perspective, Basic Research can be considered as an investment requiring minimal investment but producing long-term results.
The amount of freedom granted to scientists defines the difference in basic Research and in its application. The problem is established in the case of applied science, and the scientist is searching for the best possible solution that meets certain conditions, and in the case of Basic Research there are no such constraints. He was being guided by his own imagination and creativity.
Activities in Basic Research
Observations and Specifications
To clarify it Work requires careful observation and thorough descriptions. Observation and explanation play a very important role at Science. The scientists look at the phenomena and then describe it with a bit of theory. It’s an intuition that has made Isaac Newton wonder ‘Why did the Apple fall? ‘So he went back home, so ResearchED, and gravitated.
Charles Darwin followed these two steps and wrote the famous ‘The Origin of Species.’ He found there are animals and humans, and he also found many similarities between humans and animals. He observed, described, and found a connection in humans and animals.
It is with the discovery that Galileo discovered that the Sun is the universe’s nucleus and not the earth. Even in modern-day days, Steve Jobs observed the old Cassette player ‘s problems and came up with the popular iPod.
Tools and Instruments
Every Researcher and Scientist needs Research tools and tools. These tools vary according to the nature of the Research to perform. For example, a study involves a questionnaire to understand consumer needs while medical Research may require specific types of machinery.
It’s necessary to understand and use appropriate Research tools to get accurate results. Few basic specifications of these methods are that they should be readily accessible and should be standardized in compliance with Research standards respectively.
Measurement
Every Research needs measuring. In grams, nanometers, calories or light-years it could be. It is one of the key steps of any Science and it needs calculation as a solution to many scientific problems. The measurable item can be quantified and calibrated accordingly.
Every step in Research involves, for example, calculation of the period during which the Study is to be conducted, number of times the procedure is to be replicated, expected outcomes, number of people satisfied with your product, etc. Precise measurement is necessary.
Despite the fact that Basic Research requires a small sample size, accuracy is still a must because if the findings are not reliable then the Study conclusion would be flawed.
Development and concept testing
One of the most challenging aspects of the research is the creation of a concrete definition. The mind, which operates on the raw input of experience, extracts the meaning with the aid of creating a concept and then recombines it into something new that offers information about the concept. The development of the idea is a vital part of Research because it is the Research backbone. With the development of concept generalizations can be avoided.
The next important step is to test that concept for validation. Testing is often performed to test the Study reproducibility and to validate whether the initially considered hypothesis and the assumption are accurate.
Applied research is the kind of research used to answer questions that have direct worldwide implications and applications. The kind of work solves the world’s current problems. This is a different matter from basic science.
Applied research is a formal type of inquiry involving practical science applications. Applied science accesses and uses the ideas, processes, information, and techniques of some portion of the scientific community for a particular reason. Applied research is compared in a debate with pure research. Applied research solves practical problems and makes use of empirical methods.
Because applied research is being used to solve real-world problems, the research protocol should be relaxed. For example, the use of a random sample is not feasible in applied research. Hence consistency in the methodology is important. Consideration should be given to the consequences for understanding findings brought about by relaxing strict methods.
Applied research is one of three investigative forms. The other two are fundamental science and the creation of experiments. The literature, which is correlated with different sources, includes applied work. That is due to its practical focus.
Applied research is a non-symptomatic investigation, and the company is using it to solve a specific problem. Unlike fundamental research relating to the development of new knowledge or the extension of existing knowledge, applied research is concerned with solving a particular issue. The research goals are often set by sponsors or clients in applied science. On the other hand, simple studies have targets set for themselves. External validity is what applied research is about.
Applied work is the practical application of science. It uses a provisional conceptual structure such as pillar questions or working hypothesis since applied research is a temporary issue and data orientation.
Applied research diverges from the other methods. Applied research quantifies the application of knowledge that is the one gained to solve practical problems in basic science. Applied research uses applied testing which is to carry out the controlled test to determine the system’s performance.
Comparing all of the experiments to the other solution solutions is useful for the background. Such studies may involve the use of validation tests or metrics to evaluate device performance.
WORKING OF APPLIED RESEARCH
It initiates applied research by defining the issue that occurs in society. The applied researchers then conduct a systematic analysis to find a potential solution. The type of analysis and study they use would rely on various factors, including the specific characteristics of the said issue and the complexity of the problem.
Researchers can use observation technique to see whether the problem occurs in real time so they can obtain the data from first hand. Bias in study if any is tried to mitigate. They then perform experiments to replicate the problem and apply various solutions to see which works best. Multiple solutions may be used, as they may not get the right response in the first stage.
Most of the practical problems people encounter are the target of applied research. On the other hand, basic research deals with other issues, and applied research deals with these practical issues. There are no limitations or inhibitions in basic research but comparatively, applied research has many restrictions.
For example, in basic research, a research goal may be to identify different species of a particular animal, and applied research will consider the relationship of those species to each other, and will also work on their practical uses and applications. When an industry funds applied research, then it is attempted to evaluate the potential methods of that research which could be used in that industry.
Basic research uses methods and resources, constructs a theory, and follows all the steps that traditional research would use. In contrast, applied research works only on one goal.
Basic research may come up with a polymer or plastic variation. The plastic variety is virtually useless, unless its applications are found. Applied work is targeted, for example, at finding its applications in industries as a particular type of packaging container for industrial as well as custom product packaging.
Applied research has restrictions on it compared to basic research as such work is typically funded and the sponsor wouldn’t want the researcher to waste money as well as finding resources for anything they wouldn’t need. Provided that the thesis is aimless, fundamental work is comparatively hard to carry out. Basic research is like walking without a GPS in a jungle and advanced research moves in a car with GPS.
The driver is supposed to know where he’s going, so his job is to find the fastest way to the destination possible. As applied research is more lucrative than basic research, businesses are prepared to spend more on it than basic research. But what many businesses do not understand is the commodity or raw material that would be used for applied research due to basic research.
Therefore both types of research are significant. Applied research needs to continue with the production of basic research, and basic research involves applied research to find the practical uses and applications of the basic research results.
Examples of Applied Research
Health Care
Interventions for aggressive behaviors in children
Ways to manage teenage schizophrenia
How to Cure Obsessive Disorder
Does mercury poisoning affect mental disorders?
Should you avoid vaccinations to prevent autism?
Which types of additives are appropriate and safe for use in human food products by producers?
Is Beef irradiation healthy for consumers?
Is genetically modified food doing harm to health?
Was violence in the media and video games detrimental for the mental health of children?
How to avoid obesity?
What are the consequences of fast food on public health?
How to overcome social anxiety?
Are marriage averting any mental or physical illnesses?
What manner of managing depression without medication?
How does tobacco use affect humans in various forms?
Does marijuana present a greater or lesser health risk, when smoked, than tobacco?
Can marijuana cause the kind of impairment that would require it to be regulated as alcohol?
Education
How to avoid bullying in primary schools?
How can the students ‘ achievement gap in education be bridged from various socio-economic backgrounds?
There are ways to boost children’s preparation for school?
How can graduation rates be increased in urban school environments which do not currently generate as many graduates as their counterparts in the suburbs?
What can be done to increase the amount of college graduates who choose to attend college?
Is college tuition becoming prohibitive for successful young adults and being able to support themselves?
Society
Will pilots need to be armored?
Who triggers greater urban poverty?
Why does the media impact the views of women’s bodies?
Which improvements are required to generate jobs in rural areas?
Why does UAE oil use impact the economy?
Why does the legalization of such drugs impact various groups within society?
In the United States, there’s a wage gap between men and women and if so, why?
Were working mother children at any disadvantage over stay-at-home mother children in the long term?
Technology
How to improve cybersecurity to prevent election fraud?
Is the current use of technology beneficial or harmful for children?
Is new technology causing human “dumbing down?”
How does social media change the perception of society and of the individual and of themselves?
Crime Enforcement
How to dismantle hate crime
Which strategies should be used to stop reoffending criminals?
Was there any way to protect young offenders from being adult criminals?
Business
Millennials approach to sell goods
What kind of anti-smoking campaigns can decrease smoking among young people or adults?
Government
Did American foreign policy contribute to terrorism?
How does the economy react to immigration?
Do enforce regulations from governments help or stigmatize those in “oppressed” groups (such as affirmative action or Title IX in women’s sports)?
How can policy help turn things around or handle climate change?
Would a change in welfare policy spur a rise in job seekers?
Applied research topics that cover a broad range of topics, all addressing practical issues rather than theoretical ones.
Careful consideration of the study regarding a particular concern or problem using scientific methods. Earl Robert Babbie defines research as a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon. research involves inductive and deductive methods.
Inductive research methods are used to analyze an observed event. Deductive methods are used to verify the observed event. Inductive approaches are associated with qualitative research and deductive methods are more commonly associated with quantitative research.
Research is conducted with a purpose to understand:
What do organizations or businesses really want to find out?
What are the processes that need to be followed to chase the idea?
What are the arguments that need to be built around a concept?
What is the evidence that will be required for people to believe in the idea or concept?
Characteristics of Research
A systematic approach must be followed for accurate data. Rules and procedures are an integral part of the process that sets the objective. researchers need to practice ethics and a code of conduct while making observations or drawing conclusions.
Research is based on logical reasoning and involves both inductive and deductive methods.
The data or knowledge that is derived is in real-time from actual observations in natural settings.
There is an in-depth analysis of all data collected so that there are no anomalies associated with it.
research creates a path for generating new questions. Existing data helps create more opportunities for research.
Research is analytical in nature. It makes use of all the available data so that there is no ambiguity in inference.
Accuracy is one of the most important aspects of research. The information that is obtained should be accurate and true to its nature. For example, laboratories provide a controlled environment to collect data. Accuracy is measured in the instruments used, the calibrations of instruments or tools, and the final result of the experiment.
What are the types of Research?
Following are the types of research methods:
Basic research: A basic research definition is data collected to enhance knowledge. The main motivation is knowledge expansion. It is non-commercial research that doesn’t facilitate in creating or inventing anything. For example an experiment to determine a simple fact.
Applied research:applied research focuses on analyzing and solving real-life problems. This type refers to the study that helps solve practical problems using scientific methods. Studies play an important role in solving issues that impact the overall well-being of humans. For example: finding a specific cure for a disease.
Problem-oriented research: As the name suggests, problem-oriented research is conducted to understand the exact nature of a problem to find out relevant solutions. The term “problem” refers to multiple choices or issues when analyzing a situation. For example, the revenue of a car company has decreased by 12% in the last year. The following could be the probable causes: there is no optimum production, poor quality of a product, no advertising, or economic conditions.
Problem-solving research: This type of research is conducted by companies to understand and resolve their own problems. The problem-solving method uses applied research to find solutions to existing problems.
Qualitative research: qualitative research is a process that is about the inquiry. It helps create an in-depth understanding of problems or issues in their natural settings. This is a non-statistical method. Qualitative research is heavily dependent on the experience of the researchers and the questions used to probe the sample. The sample size is usually restricted to 6-10 people. Open-ended questions are asked in a manner that encourages answers that lead to another question or group of questions. The purpose of asking open-ended questions is to gather as much information as possible from the sample.
The following are the methods used for qualitative research:
One-to-one interview
Focus groups
Ethnographic research
Content/Text Analysis
Case study research
Quantitative research: qualitative research is a structured way of collecting data and analyzing it to draw conclusions. Unlike qualitative methods, this method uses a computational and statistical process to collect and analyze data. quantitative data is all about numbers.
Quantitative research involves a larger population — more people means more data. With more data to analyze, you can obtain more accurate results. This method uses closed-ended questions because the researchers are typically looking to gather statistical data.
Online surveys, questionnaires, and polls are preferable data collection tools used in quantitative research. There are various methods of deploying surveys or questionnaires.
Online surveys allow survey creators to reach large amounts of people or smaller focus groups for different types of research that meet different goals. Survey respondents can receive surveys on mobile phones, in emails, or can simply use the internet to access surveys.
What Are the Types of research?
There are three types of research:
Exploratory: As the name suggests, exploratory research is conducted to explore a group of questions. The answers and analytics may not offer a final conclusion to the perceived problem. It is conducted to handle new problem areas that haven’t been explored before. This exploratory process lays the foundation for more conclusive research and data collection.
Descriptive: descriptive research focuses on expanding knowledge on current issues through a process of data collection. descriptive studies are used to describe the behavior of a sample population. In a descriptive study, only one variable is required to conduct the study. The three main purposes of descriptive research are describing, explaining, and validating the findings. For example, a study conducted to know if top-level management leaders in the 21st century possess the moral right to receive a huge sum of money from the company profit.
Explanatory: explanatory research or causal research is conducted to understand the impact of certain changes in existing standard procedures. Conducting experiments is the most popular form of casual research. For example, a study conducted to understand the effect of rebranding on customer loyalty.
To understand the characteristic of research design using research purpose here is a comparative analysis:
Exploratory research
Descriptive research
Explanatory research
Research approach used
Unstructured
Structured
Highly structured
Research conducted through
Asking research questions
Asking research questions
By using research hypotheses.
When is it conducted?
Early stages of decision making
Later stages of decision making
Later stages of decision making
The research method is defined as the tools or instruments used to accomplish the goals and attributes of a study. Think of the methodology as a systematic process in which the tools or instruments will be employed. There is no use of a tool if it is not being used efficiently.
Research begins by asking the right questions and choosing an appropriate method to investigate the problem. After collecting answers to your questions, you can analyze the findings or observations to draw appropriate conclusions.
When it comes to customers and market studies, the more thorough your questions, the better. By thoroughly collecting data from customers through surveys and questionnaires, you get important insights into brand perception and product needs. You can use this data to make smart decisions about your marketing strategies to position your business effectively.
Types of research methods and research example
Research methods are broadly classified as qualitative and quantitative.
Both methods have distinctive properties and data collection methods.
Qualitative Methods
Qualitative research is a method that collects data using conversational methods. Participants are asked open-ended questions. The responses collected are essentially non-numerical. This method not only helps a researcher understand what participants think but also why they think in a particular way.
Types of qualitative methods include:
One-to-one Interview: This interview is conducted with one participant at a given point in time. One-to-one interviews need a researcher to prepare questions in advance. The researcher asks only the most important questions to the participant. This type of interview lasts anywhere between 20 minutes to half an hour. During this time the researcher collects as many meaningful answers as possible from the participants to draw inferences.
Focus Groups: Focus groups are small groups comprising of around 6-10 participants who are usually experts in the subject matter. A moderator is assigned to a focus group who facilitates the discussion amongst the group members. A moderator’s experience in conducting the focus group plays an important role. An experienced moderator can probe the participants by asking the correct questions that will help them collect a sizable amount of information related to the research.
Ethnographic research: Ethnographic research is an in-depth form of research where people are observed in their natural environment without This method is demanding due to the necessity of a researcher entering a natural environment of other people. Geographic locations can be a constraint as well. Instead of conducting interviews, a researcher experiences the normal setting and daily life of a group of people.
Text Analysis: Text analysis is a little different from other qualitative methods as it is used to analyze social constructs by decoding words through any available form of documentation. The researcher studies and understands the context in which the documents are written and then tries to draw meaningful inferences from it. researchers today follow activities on a social media platform to try and understand patterns of thoughts.
Case Study: Case study research is used to study an organization or an entity. This method is one of the most valuable options for modern This type of research is used in fields like the education sector, philosophical studies, and psychological studies. This method involves a deep dive into ongoing research and collecting data.
Quantitative research Methods
Quantitative methods deal with numbers and measurable forms. It uses a systematic way of investigating events or data. It is used to answer questions in terms of justifying relationships with measurable variables to either explain, predict, or control a phenomenon.
There are three methods that are often used by researchers:
Survey research — The ultimate goal of survey research is to learn about a large population by deploying a survey. Today, online surveys are popular as they are convenient and can be sent in an email or made available on the internet. In this method, a researcher designs a survey with the most relevant survey questions and distributes the survey. Once the researcher receives responses, they summarize them to tabulate meaningful findings and data.
descriptive research — descriptive research is a method which identifies the characteristics of an observed phenomenon and collects more information. This method is designed to depict the participants in a very systematic and accurate manner. In simple words, descriptive research is all about describing the phenomenon, observing it, and drawing conclusions from it.
Correlational research— Correlational research examines the relationship between two or more variables. Consider a researcher is studying a correlation between cancer and married Married women have a negative correlation with cancer. In this example, there are two variables: cancer and married women. When we say negative correlation, it means women who are married are less likely to develop cancer. However, it doesn’t mean that marriage directly avoids cancer.
Identifying research Methodology
To choose the appropriate types of research, you need to clearly identify the objectives. Some objectives to take into consideration for your business include:
Find out the needs of your clients.
Know their preferences and understand what is important to them.
Find an appropriate way to make your customers aware of your products and services.
Find ways to improve your products or services to suit the needs of your customers.
After identifying what you need to know, you should ask what research methods will offer you that information.
Organize your questions within the framework of the 7 Ps of marketing that influences your company – product, price, promotion, place, people, processes, and physical tests.
A well-organized customer research process produces valid, accurate, reliable, timely, and complete results. Results that rigorously reflect the opinions and needs of your clients will help you grow your sales and improve your operations. To obtain the results, you need to establish and follow the processes that you have detailed out for your organization:
Set your goals
Consider the client’s objectives and define those that identify with yours. Make sure that you set smart goals and objectives. Do not presume the results of your surveys.
Plan your research
Good planning allows the use of creative and logical approaches to select the methods that gather the most accurate information. Your plan will be influenced by the type and complexity of the information you need, the skills of your market research team, and how soon you need the information. Your budget also plays a large role in your ability to collect data.
Collect and collate your results
Make a list of how you are going to carry out the research process, the data you need to collect, and collection methods. This will help you keep track of your processes and make sense of your findings. It will also allow you to verify that your research accurately reflects the opinions of your clients and your market. Create a record table with:
The consumer research activity
The necessary data
The methods for data collection
The steps to follow for data analysis.
Remember, research is only valuable and useful when it is valid, accurate, and reliable. Relying on imperfect research is dangerous. Incorrect results can lead to customer churn and a decrease in sales.
It is important to obtain information about how the collection of customer information was carried out, and to ensure that your data is:
Valid – founded, logical, rigorous, and impartial.
Accurate – free of errors and including required details.
Reliable – that can be reproduced by other people who investigate in the same way.
Timely – current and collected within an appropriate time frame.
Complete – includes all the data you need to support your business decisions.
Analyze and understand your research
Analysis of the data can vary from simple and direct steps to technical and complex processes. Adopt an approach, and choose the method of data analysis based on the methods you have carried out.
Keep the findings ready
Choose a spreadsheet that allows you to easily enter your data. If you do not have a large amount of data, you should be able to manage them with the use of basic tools available in survey software. If you have collected more complete and complex data, you may have to consider using specific programs or tools that will help you manage your data.
Review and interpret the information to draw conclusions
Once you have gathered all the data, you can scan your information and interpret it to draw conclusions and make informed decisions. You should review the data and then:
Identify the main trends and issues, opportunities, and problems you observe. Write a sentence describing each one.
Keep track of the frequency with which each of the main findings appears.
Make a list of your findings from the most common to the least common.
Evaluate a list of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that have been identified in a SWOT analysis.
Prepare conclusions and recommendations about your research.
Review your goals before making any conclusions about your research. Keep in mind how the process you have completed and the data you have gathered help answer your questions. Ask yourself if what your research revealed facilitates the identification of your conclusions and recommendations. Review your conclusions and, based on what you know now:
Choose some strategies that will help you improve your business
Act on your strategies
Look for gaps in the information, and consider doing additional research if necessary
Plan to review the results of the research, and consider efficient strategies to analyze and dissect results for interpretation.
Last but not least, it is needless to say that in many ways scientific research helps us:
A research issue refers to a challenge experienced by a researcher or a scientific community or industry, or a government organization or society. It can be a theoretical condition or a realistic one. It demands a comprehensive understanding and a possible solution.
research provides the foundation for many policies of the government. For example, research into people’s needs and desires, and the availability of income to meet the needs, helps a government prepare a budget.
It is the source of knowledge and provides guidelines for problem-solving.
It is possible to make inventions only through research; for example, new and novel phenomena and processes such as superconductivity and cloning were only discovered through research.
It is important for higher gain and productivity in industry and business, and for improving product quality.
research leads to a new lifestyle and makes it glorious and delightful.
It contributes to recognizing and characterizing new objects, new living things, new stars, and so on.
Business and industry mathematical and logical research optimize the problems therein.
Social research is helping to find answers to social issues. They explain social trends and search for answers to social issues.
Difference Between Applied Research and Basic Research
BASIC RESEARCH
APPLIED RESEARCH
Research is profoundly rewarding and other sociologists make judgement
Research is part of a job and is judged by contributors outside the sociology discipline.
With a great deal of Freedom, research problems and topics are selected.
Problems with research are narrowly confined to demand.
Research is measured according to absolute scientific standards.
Rigor and standards are dependent on using Results.
The primary concern is with the Research Design internal logic.
The primary issue is the potential to generalize results into focus areas.
The goal is to contribute to fundamental, theoretical knowledge.
The goal is to get results for practical uses.
Success comes at a scholarly journal when results appear.
Success comes as advertisers make use of the tests as making decisions.
